![]() ![]() Recently, Odd et al., in a large study of Swedish conscripts, reported that worse cognitive performance was related to taking a longer time to achieve an Apgar score >6. Less is known about long-term or mild neurodevelopmental disability among newborns with low Apgar scores. There are also reports of association between five-minute Apgar scores below 7 and risk of motor and developmental impairments at school age, including symptoms of attention deficit and speech and language problems. Increased risks have been reported for neonatal seizures neonatal intracranial hemorrhage cerebral palsy mental retardation and epilepsy. Most newborns with Apgar scores below 7 grow up healthy, but risks of neurodevelopmental disability among them are greater than among those with higher Apgar scores, particularly in the short term. Antenatal and peripartum adversities associated with five-minute Apgar scores below 7 have been implicated in neonatal brain injury, which in turn may lead to neurodevelopmental disability. Five-minute Apgar scores below 4 are strong predictors of neonatal mortality. ConclusionĪ five-minute Apgar score <7 has a consistent association with prevalence of neurologic disability and with low cognitive function in early adulthood.Īpgar score, used to evaluate infant's condition immediately after birth, is a sum of ratings (0, 1, or 2) of five clinical signs: heart rate, respiration, reflex irritability, muscle tone, and color. After accounting for perinatal characteristics, 5-mintue Apgar score <7 was associated with prevalence ratios of 4.02 (95% confidence interval: 2.24 7.24) for neurologic disability and 1.33 (0.94 1.88) for low cognitive function. The outcomes were more prevalent if Apgar score <7 was accompanied by certain fetal or obstetric adversities. The corresponding prevalences of low cognitive function (intelligence test score in the bottom quartile) were 34.9%, 27.2%, and 25.0%. Prevalence of neurologic disability was 2.2% (435/19,559) overall among conscripts with Apgar scores <7, 7–9, and 10 (reference), it was 8.8%, 2.5%, and 2.2% respectively. Less than 1% (136/19,559) of the conscripts had 5-minute Apgar scores <7. We examined prevalence of neurologic disability and of low cognitive function according to five-minute Apgar score. We linked records of this evaluation, which includes medical exam and intelligence testing, with the conscripts' records in the Medical Birth Registry, containing perinatal data. We conducted a prevalence study among draft-liable men born in Denmark in 1978–1983 and presenting for the mandatory army evaluation in a northern Danish conscription district. We aimed to examine the association of five-minute Apgar score with prevalence of neurologic disability and with cognitive function in early adulthood. ![]() Low five-minute Apgar score has been associated with increased risk of severe neurologic outcome, but data on milder outcomes, particularly in the long term, are limited. Apgar score is used for rapid assessment of newborns. ![]()
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